escaped from them

verbum, i ( gen. plur. verbūm, Plaut. As. 1, 3, 1; id. Bacch. 4, 8, 37; id. Truc. 2, 8, 14), n. [from the root er; Gr. ERô, whence eirô and rhêma, what is spoken or said; cf. Goth. vaurd; Germ. Wort; Engl. word], a word; plur., words, expressions, language, discourse, conversation, etc. (cf.: vox, vocabulum).

In gen.:

verbum nullum fecit,

Plaut. Bacch. 4, 9, 58:

si ullum verbum faxo,

id. Men. 1, 2, 47:

qui verbum numquam in publico fecerunt,

Cic. Brut. 78, 270; so,

facere,

to talk, chat, discourse, converse, id. Verr. 2, 4, 65, § 147; id. Imp. Pomp. 10, 27; id. Planc. 8, 20 al.:

spissum istud amanti est verbum veniet, nisi venit,

Plaut. Cist. 1, 1, 77; cf. id. Most. 5, 1, 2:

videtis hoc uno verbo unde significari res duas et ex quo et a quo loco,

Cic. Caecin. 30, 88:

verbum voluptatis,

id. Fin. 2, 23, 75 (for which:

vox voluptatis,

id. ib. 2, 2, 6); cf.:

libenter verbo utor Catonis (i. e. origines),

id. Rep. 2, 1, 3:

verbum usitatius et tritius,

id. Ac. 1, 7, 27:

verbum scribere... verbi litterae,

id. de Or. 2, 30, 130:

nec vero ullum (verbum) aut durum aut insolens, aut humile aut longius ductum, etc.,

id. Brut. 79, 274: si pudor, si modestia, si pudicitia, si uno verbo temperantia (literally, in one word; cf. B. 2. infra), id. Fin. 2, 22, 73.— Plur.:

verba rebus impressit,

Cic. Rep. 3, 2, 3:

in quo etiam verbis ac nominibus ipsis fuit diligens (Servius Tullius),

id. ib. 2, 22, 40:

quid verbis opu'st?

Plaut. Am. 1, 1, 289:

haec plurimis a me verbis dicta sunt,

Cic. Rep. 1, 7, 12:

verba facere,

to speak, Caes. B. G. 2, 14: contumelia verborum, insulting or abusive language, id. ib. 5, 58:

ut verbis, quid sit, definiam,

Cic. Rep. 1, 24, 38:

verba ponenda sunt, quae vim habeant illustrandi, nec ab usu sint abhorrentia, grandia, plena, sonantia, etc.,

id. Part. Or. 15, 53:

dialecticorum verba nulla sunt publica: suis utuntur,

id. Ac. 1, 7, 25:

verborum delectum originem esse eloquentiae,

id. Brut. 72, 253 et saep.:

multis verbis ultro citroque habitis ille nobis est consumptus dies,

much talk on both sides, id. Rep. 6, 9, 9; cf. id. ib. 3, 4, 7: accusabat Canutius Scamandrum verbis tribus, venenum esse deprehensum (literally, in three words; cf. B. 2. b. infra), Cic. Clu. 18, 50.—Prov.: verba facit emortuo, he talks to the dead, i. e. in vain, Plaut. Poen. 4, 2, 18;

for which: verba fiunt mortuo,

Ter. Phorm. 5, 8 (9), 26.—

Adverbial phrases.

Ad verbum, verbum e (de, pro), verbo, or simply verbum verbo, to a word, word for word, exactly, literally (Cic. uses verbum e or ex verbo where the exact equivalent of a single word is given; verbum pro verbo of the literal translation of a passage; v. infra):

fabellae Latinae ad verbum de Graecis expressae,

Cic. Fin. 1, 2, 4; cf. Suet. Caes. 30 fin.:

ediscere ad verbum,

Cic. de Or. 1, 34, 157:

ea quae modo expressa ad verbum dixi,

id. Tusc. 3, 19, 44:

somnium mirifice ad verbum cum re convenit,

id. Div. 1, 44, 99: quae Graeci pathê appellant:

ego poteram morbos, et id verbum esset e verbo,

id. Tusc. 3, 4, 7: istam katalêpsin, quam, ut dixi, verbum e verbo exprimentes, comprehensionem dicemus, id. Ac. 2, 10, 31; id. Fin. 3, 4, 15; id. Top. 8, 35; id. Ac. 2, 6, 17:

verbum de verbo expressum extulit,

Ter. Ad. prol. 11:

verbum pro verbo reddere,

Cic. Opt. Gen. 5, 14:

nec verbum verbo curabis reddere fidus Interpres,

Hor. A. P. 133; cf.: ea sine scripto eisdem verbis reddebat, quibus cogitaverat, Cic. Brut. 88, 301.—

Verbi causā or gratiā, for the sake of example, for example, for instance:

si quis, verbi causā, oriente Caniculā natus est,

Cic. Fat. 6, 12: M. Quid dicis igitur! A. Miserum esse verbi causā M. Crassum, id. Tusc. 1, 4, 12; id. Mil. 22, 60:

qui verbi causā post mortem amici liberos ejus custodiant,

Auct. Her. 4, 47, 60:

ut propter aliam quampiam rem, verbi gratiā propter voluptatem, nos amemus,

Cic. Fin. 5, 11, 30.—

Uno verbo, or tribus verbis, or paucis verbis, in one word, in a word, briefly.

Quin tu uno verbo dic, quid est quod me velis, Ter. And. 1, 1, 18; Cato, R. R. 157, 7:

praetores, praetorios, tribunos plebis, magnam partem senatūs, omnem subolem juventutis unoque verbo rem publicam expulsam atque extirminatam suis sedibus,

Cic. Phil. 2, 22, 54.—

Pa. Brevin' an longinquo sermoni? Mi. Tribus verbis, Plaut. Mil. 4, 2, 30:

pax, te tribus verbis volo,

Plaut. Trin. 4, 2, 121.—

Sed paucis verbis te volo, Plaut. Mil. 2, 4, 22; cf.:

verbis paucis quam cito Alium fecisti me,

id. Trin. 1, 2, 123; cf. also paucus, II. B.—

Verbo.

Orally, by word of mouth (opp. scripturā): C. Furnio plura verbo quam scripturā mandata dedimus, Planc. ap. Cic. Fam. 10, 8, 5:

cui verbo mandabo, quid, etc.,

Vulc. Gall. Avid. Cass. 10, § 10.—

Briefly, in a word:

postquam Caesar dicendi finem fecit, ceteri verbo alius alii varie adsentiebantur,

Sall. C. 52, 1:

aut verbo adsentiebatur, aut pedibus in sententiam ibat,

Liv. 27, 34, 7 Weissenb. ad loc.; 3, 40, 6; cf. also: rogatus a me etiamne majus quam dedecus, verbo de sententiā destitisti, at a word from me, Cic. Tusc. 2, 12, 28 Ernest. ad loc.—

Meis, tuis, suis verbis, in my, thy, or his name; for me, thee, or him:

gratum mihi feceris, si uxori tuae meis verbis eris gratulatus,

Cic. Fam. 15, 8; 5, 11, 2; id. Att. 16, 11, 8:

anulum quem ego militi darem tuis verbis,

Plaut. Mil. 3, 3, 38; id. Bacch. 4, 4, 79:

denuntiatum Fabio senatus verbis, ne, etc.,

Liv. 9, 36, 14.

In partic.

Verbum, in the sing.

Of an entire clause, a saying, expression, phrase, sentence (mostly anteclass.; cf.: sententia, dictum): Me. Plus plusque istuc sospitent quod nunc habes. Eu. Illud mihi verbum non placet:

quod nunc habes!

Plaut. Aul. 3, 6, 11; id. Cas. 2, 5, 39; id. Most. 1, 3, 18; 1, 3, 95; 1, 3, 139; Ter. And. 1, 5, 5; id. Eun. 1, 2, 95; id. Ad. 5, 8, 29.—

Of a proverb:

verum est verbum, quod memoratur: ubi amici, ibidem opus,

Plaut. Truc. 4, 4, 32; so id. ib. 4, 5, 39; Ter. Ad. 5, 3, 17:

quod verbum in pectus Jugurthae altius quam quisquam ratus erat descendit,

Sall. J. 11, 7.—

Pregn., mere talk, mere words (opp. to deed, fact, reality, etc.; cf.

nomen): qui omnia verborum momentis, non rerum ponderibus examinet,

Cic. Rep. 3, 8, 12; cf.:

verbo et simulatione (opp. re verā),

id. Verr. 2, 3, 58, § 133; v. res: dolor est malum, ut disputas;

existimatio, dedecus, infamia verba sunt atque ineptiae,

empty words, id. Pis. 27, 65:

verborum sonitus inanis,

id. de Or. 1, 12, 51:

in quibus (civitatibus) verbo sunt liberi omnes?

in word, in name, id. Rep. 1, 31, 47. —Hence, verba dare (alicui), to give empty words, i. e. to deceive, cheat:

cui verba dare difficile est,

Ter. And. 1, 3, 6:

vel verba mihi dari facile patior in hoc, meque libenter praebeo credulum,

Cic. Att. 15, 16, A: descendit atque Gallis verba dedit, i. e. eluded, escaped from them, Quadrig. ap. Gell. 17, 2, 24:

curis dare verba,

i. e. to beguile, drive away, Ov. Tr. 5, 7, 40.—

In gram., a verb:

Aristoteles orationis duas partes esse dicit, vocabula et verba, ut homo et equus, et legit et currit, etc.,

Varr. L. L. 8, § 11 sq. Müll.; 9, § 95; 10, § 77 al.; Cic. de Or. 3, 49, 191.—

In eccl. Lat. as a translation of logos, the second person of the Trinity, Vulg. Joan. 1, 1; id. 1 Joan. 5, 7; id. Apoc. 19, 13.

frustror, ātus, 1, v. dep.; also: fru-stro, āre, 1, v. a. [frustra], to deceive, disappoint, trick, frustrate (syn.: decipio, deludo, fraudo, fallo, etc.).

Lit. (class.).

In the dep. form:

nescio quis praestigiator hanc frustratur mulierem,

Plaut. Am. 2, 2, 200:

aut certare cum aliis pugnaciter aut frustrari cum alios, tum etiam me ipsum velim,

Cic. Ac. 2, 20, 65:

ne frustretur ipse se,

Ter. Eun. prol. 14:

se ipsum,

Nep. Hann. 2, 6: o bone, ne te Frustrere;

insanis et tu,

Hor. S. 2, 3, 32:

Tarquinios spe auxilii,

Liv. 2, 15, 5:

Cloelia frustrata custodes,

id. 2, 13, 6:

saepe jam me spes frustrata est,

Ter. And. 2, 2, 37; Lentul. ap. Cic. Fam. 12, 14, 1; cf.:

sat adhuc tua nos frustrata est fides,

Ter. Ad. 4, 4, 11:

exspectationem frustrari et differre,

Plin. Ep. 2, 10, 2:

improbas spes hominum,

id. ib. 8, 18, 3:

spem mercantium (opp. explere),

Suet. Aug. 75:

frustratus vincula,

i. e. escaped from them, Sol. 1.— Poet.:

o numquam frustrata vocatus hasta meos,

hast never deceived me invoking thee, Verg. A. 12, 95; cf. Stat. S. 1, 2, 62: inceptus clamor frustratur hiantes, deceives, i. e. dies away from their lips, Verg. A. 6, 493.— Absol.:

Cocceius vide ne frustretur,

Cic. Att. 12, 18, 3; Lucr. 4, 571.—

In the act. form:

non frustrabo vos, milites, Caes. Fragm. ap. Diomed. p. 395 P.: atque i se quom frustrant, frustrari alios stolidi existumant,

Plaut. Bacch. 3, 6, 19; Liv. 7, 38, 9; cf.: qui ventrem frustrarunt suum, Pompon. ap. Non. 473, 18:

frustrantia dona,

fruitless, bootless, Prud. Apoth. 640. — Pass.: frustramur, irridemur, Laber. ap. Prisc. p. 793 P.: ignavissimi quique tenuissima spe frustrantur, Sall. Or. Licin. med.; so,

frustratus spe continuandi consulatus,

Vell. 2, 21, 2; for which: frustratus a spe, Fenest. ap. Prisc. p. 793 P.:

variis dilationibus frustratus,

Just. 8, 3, 9.—With gen.:

captionis versutae et excogitatae frustratus,

Gell. 5, 10, 16.—

Transf., to make vain, of no effect, or useless (post-Aug. and very rare):

imprudenter facta opera frustrantur impensas,

Col. 1, 1, 2; cf.

laborem, id. praef. § 22: in se implicati arborum rami lento vimine frustrabantur ictus,

Curt. 6, 5, 8.

rē̆lĭquĭae (in the poets, also rellĭqu-; cf. religio init.), ārum ( gen. sing. reliquiae, App. Apol. ap. Carm. p. 277, 13), f. [relinquo, I. B. 1.], the leavings, remains, relics, remnant, rest, remainder of any thing.

Lit.

In gen.:

is navem atque omnia, perdidit in mari, Haec bonorum ejus sunt reliquiae,

Plaut. Rud. 1, 3, 17; cf.:

de bonis quod restat reliquiarum,

id. ib. 5, 1, 7:

paucorum mensum sunt relictae reliquiae,

id. Most. 1, 1, 81 Lorenz ad loc.; cf. exercitūs, Auct. B. Alex. 40 fin.:

copiarum,

Nep. Them. 5, 1; cf.:

tantae cladis,

Liv. 22, 56; 43, 10:

pugnae,

id. 5, 12:

belli,

id. 9, 29; Sall. H. 1, 48, 8 Dietsch; Vell. 2, 17, 1:

legionum,

id. 2, 46, 4:

dum belli reliquiae peraguntur,

Just. 22, 8, 6; 15:

Danaūm,

i. e. the remnant of the Trojans who had escaped from the hands of the Greeks, Verg. A. 1, 30; 598; 3, 87 al.:

hujus generis reliquias restare video (sc. hominum),

Ter. Ad. 3, 3, 90: gladiatoriae familiae, * Caes. B. C. 21, 4:

cibi,

excrements, Cic. N. D. 2, 55, 138; so absol., Sen. Const. 13, 1:

hordei,

Phaedr. 5, 4, 3:

vini,

id. 3, 1, 6:

virorum,

Verg. A. 8, 356:

limae,

Plin. 34, 7, 18, § 44; cf. Vulg. Exod. 8, 3.—

In partic.

The leavings, remains, remnants, fragments of food (cf.:

cenarum reliquiae,

App. M. 2, p. 125, 22), Plaut. Curc. 3, 18:

immo si scias reliquiae quae sint,

id. ib. 2, 3, 42:

cras de reliquiis nos volo,

id. Stich. 3, 2, 40:

reliquias ubi videro,

id. Men. 1, 2, 33; 3, 1, 15; id. Pers. 1, 3, 25: Phaedr. 1, 22, 6; Suet. Galb. 22; Petr. 6.— Hence in a double sense: vellem Idibus Martiis me ad cenam (i. e. to the assassination of Cæsar) invitasses: reliquiarum (i. e. Antony) nihil fuisset, Cic. Fam. 12, 4, 1. —

The remains, relics, ashes of a deceased person;

esp. of a body that has been burned: C. Marii sitas reliquias apud Anienem dissipari jussit Sulla victor,

Cic. Leg. 2, 22, 56; [p. 1559] Sen. Ep. 92, 35; Tac. A. 1, 62; 2, 69; 75; 3, 4; Suet. Oth. 10; id. Aug. 100; id. Ner. 38; id. Tib. 54; id. Calig. 3; Just. 11, 15, 15; Verg. A. 5, 47; 4, 343; 6, 227; cf.:

reliquiae (polypi) adservatae miraculo pependere pondo DCC.,

Plin. 9, 30, 48, § 93.—Hence in a double sense:

si funus id habendum sit, quo non amici conveniunt ad exsequias cohonestandas, sed bonorum emptores, ut carnifices ad reliquias vitae lacerandas et distrahendas,

Cic. Quint. 15, 50.—

The (unconsumed) remains of the flesh of a sacrifice (different from exta), Suet. Aug. 1.—

Trop., remnants, remains, remainder, rest, etc.:

animaï reddidit omnes,

Lucr. 3, 656:

vis illius aestus Reliquias vitae membris ex omnibus aufert,

id. 6, 825:

motus vitalis,

id. 2, 955:

donec reliquias maxime reliquiae rerum earum moventur in animis et agitantur, de quibus vigilantes aut cogitavimus aut agimus,

Cic. Div. 2, 67, 140:

pristinae fortunae,

id. Sull. 1, 1:

maximi belli,

id. Prov. Cons. 8, 19:

quam palmam utinam di immortales, Scipio, tibi reservent, ut avi reliquias persequare,

i. e. the finishing of the Punic war, id. Sen. 6, 19:

id cum est apud oratores frequentissimum, tum etiam in usu cottidiano quasdam reliquias habet,

Quint. 8, 5, 1.

rē̆lĭquĭae (in the poets, also rellĭqu-; cf. religio init.), ārum ( gen. sing. reliquiae, App. Apol. ap. Carm. p. 277, 13), f. [relinquo, I. B. 1.], the leavings, remains, relics, remnant, rest, remainder of any thing.

Lit.

In gen.:

is navem atque omnia, perdidit in mari, Haec bonorum ejus sunt reliquiae,

Plaut. Rud. 1, 3, 17; cf.:

de bonis quod restat reliquiarum,

id. ib. 5, 1, 7:

paucorum mensum sunt relictae reliquiae,

id. Most. 1, 1, 81 Lorenz ad loc.; cf. exercitūs, Auct. B. Alex. 40 fin.:

copiarum,

Nep. Them. 5, 1; cf.:

tantae cladis,

Liv. 22, 56; 43, 10:

pugnae,

id. 5, 12:

belli,

id. 9, 29; Sall. H. 1, 48, 8 Dietsch; Vell. 2, 17, 1:

legionum,

id. 2, 46, 4:

dum belli reliquiae peraguntur,

Just. 22, 8, 6; 15:

Danaūm,

i. e. the remnant of the Trojans who had escaped from the hands of the Greeks, Verg. A. 1, 30; 598; 3, 87 al.:

hujus generis reliquias restare video (sc. hominum),

Ter. Ad. 3, 3, 90: gladiatoriae familiae, * Caes. B. C. 21, 4:

cibi,

excrements, Cic. N. D. 2, 55, 138; so absol., Sen. Const. 13, 1:

hordei,

Phaedr. 5, 4, 3:

vini,

id. 3, 1, 6:

virorum,

Verg. A. 8, 356:

limae,

Plin. 34, 7, 18, § 44; cf. Vulg. Exod. 8, 3.—

In partic.

The leavings, remains, remnants, fragments of food (cf.:

cenarum reliquiae,

App. M. 2, p. 125, 22), Plaut. Curc. 3, 18:

immo si scias reliquiae quae sint,

id. ib. 2, 3, 42:

cras de reliquiis nos volo,

id. Stich. 3, 2, 40:

reliquias ubi videro,

id. Men. 1, 2, 33; 3, 1, 15; id. Pers. 1, 3, 25: Phaedr. 1, 22, 6; Suet. Galb. 22; Petr. 6.— Hence in a double sense: vellem Idibus Martiis me ad cenam (i. e. to the assassination of Cæsar) invitasses: reliquiarum (i. e. Antony) nihil fuisset, Cic. Fam. 12, 4, 1. —

The remains, relics, ashes of a deceased person;

esp. of a body that has been burned: C. Marii sitas reliquias apud Anienem dissipari jussit Sulla victor,

Cic. Leg. 2, 22, 56; [p. 1559] Sen. Ep. 92, 35; Tac. A. 1, 62; 2, 69; 75; 3, 4; Suet. Oth. 10; id. Aug. 100; id. Ner. 38; id. Tib. 54; id. Calig. 3; Just. 11, 15, 15; Verg. A. 5, 47; 4, 343; 6, 227; cf.:

reliquiae (polypi) adservatae miraculo pependere pondo DCC.,

Plin. 9, 30, 48, § 93.—Hence in a double sense:

si funus id habendum sit, quo non amici conveniunt ad exsequias cohonestandas, sed bonorum emptores, ut carnifices ad reliquias vitae lacerandas et distrahendas,

Cic. Quint. 15, 50.—

The (unconsumed) remains of the flesh of a sacrifice (different from exta), Suet. Aug. 1.—

Trop., remnants, remains, remainder, rest, etc.:

animaï reddidit omnes,

Lucr. 3, 656:

vis illius aestus Reliquias vitae membris ex omnibus aufert,

id. 6, 825:

motus vitalis,

id. 2, 955:

donec reliquias maxime reliquiae rerum earum moventur in animis et agitantur, de quibus vigilantes aut cogitavimus aut agimus,

Cic. Div. 2, 67, 140:

pristinae fortunae,

id. Sull. 1, 1:

maximi belli,

id. Prov. Cons. 8, 19:

quam palmam utinam di immortales, Scipio, tibi reservent, ut avi reliquias persequare,

i. e. the finishing of the Punic war, id. Sen. 6, 19:

id cum est apud oratores frequentissimum, tum etiam in usu cottidiano quasdam reliquias habet,

Quint. 8, 5, 1.